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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Teilchenstromdichte</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>Die <b>Teilchenstromdichte</b>&nbsp;<i>j</i> bezeichnet die <a href="Teilchenzahl" title="Teilchenzahl">Anzahl</a>&nbsp;<i>N</i> der <a href="Teilchen" title="Teilchen">Teilchen</a> (z.&nbsp;B. <a href="Atom" title="Atom">Atome</a>, <a href="Molek%C3%BCl" title="Molekül">Moleküle</a>, <a href="Quasiteilchen" title="Quasiteilchen">Quasiteilchen</a>), die sich im Zeitintervall <i>dt</i> durch eine Fläche&nbsp;<i>A</i> bewegen
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle j={\frac {1}{A}}\ {\frac {\mathrm {d} N}{\mathrm {d} t}}.}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle j={\frac {1}{A}}\ {\frac {\mathrm {d} N}{\mathrm {d} t}}.}</annotation>
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/f50d6aee1cf8c42599c4cd6a341821045f99289f.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.005ex; margin-left: -0.027ex; width:12.082ex; height:5.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle j={\frac {1}{A}}\ {\frac {\mathrm {d} N}{\mathrm {d} t}}.}" loading="lazy"></span></dd></dl>
<p>Der <b>Teilchenstrom</b>&nbsp;<i>I</i> ist dabei
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {d} N}{\mathrm {d} t}}}">
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<annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle I={\frac {\mathrm {d} N}{\mathrm {d} t}}}</annotation>
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<p>Ursache der Bewegung kann dabei <a href="Diffusion" title="Diffusion">Diffusion</a> sein, wie beim <a href="Ficksches_Gesetz" class="mw-redirect" title="Ficksches Gesetz">Fickschen Gesetz</a>. Bei der <a href="Elektrische_Leitung" title="Elektrische Leitung">elektrischen Leitung</a>, bei der sich die Elektronen zwar in beiden Richtungen durch die Fläche bewegen, aber insgesamt ein Nettoanteil in eine Richtung strömt, bleibt eine <a href="Driftgeschwindigkeit" title="Driftgeschwindigkeit">Drift</a> mit der sich die Elektronen durch die Fläche bewegen.
</p><p>Die Teilchenstromdichte kann auch als Produkt von <a href="Teilchendichte" title="Teilchendichte">Teilchendichte</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle n}">
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\vec {j}}=n\,{\vec {v}}}">
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<p>wobei <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\vec {v}}}">
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</math></span><img src="./_assets_/eb734a37dd21ce173a46342d1cc64c92/85820588abd7333ef4d0c56539cb31c20e730753.svg" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.175ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\vec {v}}}" loading="lazy"></span> die mittlere Geschwindigkeit (also z. B. die <a href="Driftgeschwindigkeit" title="Driftgeschwindigkeit">Driftgeschwindigkeit</a>) der Teilchen ist. Den obigen <a href="Skalar_(Mathematik)" title="Skalar (Mathematik)">skalaren</a> Ausdruck erhält man dann durch <a href="Oberfl%C3%A4chenintegral" title="Oberflächenintegral">Integration über die Fläche</a> <span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle A}">
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<dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element mwe-math-element-inline"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle I=\int _{A}{\vec {j}}\cdot \mathrm {d} {\vec {A}}.}">
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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2></div>
<ul><li><a href="Stromdichte" class="mw-redirect" title="Stromdichte">Stromdichte</a></li>
<li><a href="Luminosit%C3%A4t" title="Luminosität">Luminosität</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2></div>
<ul><li>Jürgen Schatz, Robert Tammer: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.de/books?id=rr8oBAAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PA188">Chemie und Physik für Mediziner</a>.</li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vqm.uni-graz.at/qms/Phenomenology/ParticleBeams/Basics/Description2.utf8.html">Teilchenstromdichte</a>, Uni Graz.</li></ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
Dieser Artikel wurde von <a class="external text" title="Zuletzt bearbeitet am 2021-07-17" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Teilchenstromdichte&amp;oldid=213961942">Wikipedia</a> herausgegeben. Der Text ist unter <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.de">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> verfügbar, sofern nicht anders angegeben. Für die Mediendateien können zusätzliche Bedingungen gelten.
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